Dyslexia is a language-based learning disability that refers to a cluster of symptoms that results in people having difficulties with specific language skills, particularly in reading.
The exact cause of dyslexia is still not completely clear, but anatomical and brain imagery studies show differences in the way the brain of a person with dyslexia develops and functions.
It is different for each person and depends on the severity. The core difficulty is with words recognition, reading fluency, spelling, and writing. Individuals may have difficulty with: learning to speak, learning letters/sounds, organizing written/spoken language, memorizing number facts, reading quickly enough to comprehend, spelling, and correctly doing math operations. Not all students who have difficulties with these skills have dyslexia.
First, a screener is performed to see if the individual is "at risk". If the score on the screener indicates the individual is "at risk", a comprehensive evaluation is then required to receive a formal diagnosis of dyslexia.
FUN FACT: IT IS A MYTH THAT INDIVIDUALS WITH DYSLEXIA "READ BACKWARDS"